It worked as a complex system The Soviet S-75 DVINA medium range airspace protection missile system recognised aircraft in its airspace, constantly tracked them, prepared the airspace protection missile, fired, directed and destroyed the target. It was capable of targeting and destroying only one target at a time and to achieve this it could fire 1-3 missiles at 6-second intervals. The majority of the members of the Warsaw Pact used this weapon as well as China, North Korea and North Vietnam. NATO reporting name: SA-2Guideline. It was used to shoot down the U-2 spy plane Development of the DVINA began in 1953 and was led by Piotr Grushin at the Lavochkin Bureau. The task was to produce a missile system that could easily destroy airplanes travelling in a straight line at high altitudes. The first notable victory of the system was shooting down the U-2 plane piloted by Francis Gary Powers on 1 March, 1960 in Soviet airspace, near Sverdlovsk (now Yekaterinburg). Use in Hungary The Hungarian Army's first air defence system arrived from the Soviet Union in 1959 to the newly formed 11th air defence battalion. The system took two years to install and was first fired in 1961. Placement in Hungary The Air defence missile companies were moved to Börgönd, Vértesacsa and Sárbogárd and later further stations were set up in Szabadszállás, Úny and Dunaföldvár. The 104th National Airspace defence battalion was formed in 1961, of which the DVINA divisions were posted at Nógrádverőce, Vácegres, Gyömrő, and Táborfalva. The 105th battalion commanded from Miskolc was also formed in 1961; missile divisions were posted at Tardona, Cserépfalu, Aszaló, and Szakáld. The missile division comprised 25 officers, 14 sergeants and 130 general infantrymen. The divisions were given a “portion”, that is 12 missiles and one P-12 type discovery and target marking locator each. Missile divisions armed with DVINA began to be rearmed with VOLKHOV and NEVA systems from 1978 onwards. The construction of the system The Airspace defence unit was essentially the defence missile division which consisted of a control and launching system, that is, a single system. The control system could be towed and consisted of cabins connected with cable systems. - the UA cabin was the commanding officer’s station, where the system could be operated together with the launching system with the help of the commanding operating systems; - the AA cabin housed the aim and missile signal tracking system, the command operator and the radio command systems as well as spare parts; - the PAA housed the radio systems of the locator system; - the two RMA cabins supplied the whole system with electricity using transformers and generators. The launching system consisted of three firing groups that housed it, transported it, filled it with oxidation material, placed it on a starting stand and prepared it for launch. Each system had six Type PU launching stands. Missiles The V-750 is a medium range two stage, radio controlled air defence missile, and it detonated by contact of the explosive tip with its target. The missile was transported on TZM PR-11A or PR11-B type trailers, which was towed by ZIL-157 type flatbed truck. The cabins and launching stands were initially towed by ATSZ treaded trucks and then by Tátra-141 type trucks.